10.1 Introduction
Gordion
A great number of the Phrygian
10.2 Phrygian Belts

Fig. 10.1: Two bronze
Probably the most exquisite belts

Fig. 10.2: Bronze
These belts
Another type of belt, which will not be discussed here, was found in the so-called “Midas
10.3 Visual Representations of Belts. Parallels
Some analogies of the Phrygian
Although a genetic relation of these belts
The Near Eastern belts

Fig. 10.3: The Carchemish
10.4 Belts and Fibulae Dedicated at Greek Sanctuaries
Besides vessels, cauldrons and phialae, Phrygian

Fig. 10.4: Bronze
In mainland Greece
Phrygian

Fig. 10.5: Detail from the Ivriz
Phrygian

(Caner 1983, No. 1070)
Fig. 10.6: Double-pin fibula from Tumulus MM (Gordion
(Caner 1983, No. 1070)
These highly decorative dress accessories probably gave rise to Greek imitations of fibulae
Following the development of the Phrygian belts
The peak of dedications of Phrygian belts
Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish the Greek imitations from the Phrygian

Fig. 10.7: Double-pin fibula from Samos
It is generally agreed that the east Greek workshops were responsible for the spread of most of the Phrygian
10.5 Purpose and Symbolism
Most of the Phrygian belts
It is known from literary sources and epigraphic
The evidence from the Phrygian burials suggests that the belts
Similarities between the geometric decorative designs on some of the belts
I would suggest that the bronze
The choice of Phrygian objects, imports or imitations, strongly suggest a relation with a goddess of rather Anatolian

Fig. 10.8: Two gold fibulae
In mainland Greece
10.6 Conclusions
The above observations show that belts
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Footnotes
Ephesos: (Klebinder-Gauß 2007, 137, Nos. 817–818); Samos: (Jantzen 1972, 54–55, Taf. 50); Assos: (Bischop 2006, 216–219, Nos. 1–9); Lindos: (Blinkenberg 1931, 223, No. 749, Pl. 31); Olympia: (Mallwitz 1999, Taf. 48.6, 51); Perachora: (Payne 1940, 152–155, Pl. 55; Muscarella 1970).
See (Kohler 1995, 57, 66); however, another function of the appliqués is also possible.
See (Hogarth 1914, Pl. B.7; Akurgal 1949, 35, Taf XLVIIa; Orthmann 2002, 278); Figure 10.3.
21 pieces: (Jantzen 1972, 49–53, Taf. 44–48; Boehlau and Habich 1996, 124, Abb. 3), Chios (Lamb 1934–1935, 149, Figs. 32–3; Boardman 1961/1962, 179–189; Boardman 1966, 193–194; Boardman 1967, 205–221), at Ephesos (Hogarth 1908, Plate 19, 1–2; Bammer 1991/1992, 37–43, Abb. 28–33; Bammer and Muss 1996, 78, Abb. 93–94; Klebinder 2001, 111–122; Klebinder-Gauß 2007, 93–103, Nos. 710–60), Miletos (Donder 2002, 3, Abb. 4), Didyma (Naumann and Tuchelt 1963/1964, 47–48, Taf. 31, 2–4), Old Smyrna (Boardman 1961/1962, Fig. 21b), and Erythrai (Caner 1983, G18, G21, Taf. 79; Akurgal 1993, Fig. 93d).
Around a hundred pieces: (Klebinder-Gauß 2007, Nos. 106–218), at Miletos (Donder 2002, 3–4, again around a hundred fibulae), on Samos (Jantzen 1972, 49–49, Taf. 44), Chios (Boardman 1967, Fig. 138), and Larisa (Boehlau and Schefold 1942, Taf. 10.25).
For Phrygian fibulae found in the Greek world see (Muscarella 1967a, 59–63). Among the numerous bronzes dedicated at Olympia there is a variety of Phrygian fibulae (Philipp 1981, Nos. 1115–1125). They were also found at Delphi (Perdrizet 1908, 78, Fig. 270), Pherai (Kilian 1975, 151–154, Nos.1725–1730), at Tegea, Arcadia (Voyatzis 1990, 213–214, B256), at the sanctuary of Artemis Orthia at Sparta (Dawkins 1929, 198–99, Pl.LXXXIII,c, LXXXIV, b, d, f, g), in the Argive Heraion (Waldstein 1905, 247–48, Pl. 87), at Perachora (Payne 1940, Pl. 17.10, 12, 19; Pl. 73.21, 24, 27), at Isthmia (Raubitschek et.al. 1998, 53, No. 200, Pl. 36) as well as on Rhodes (Blinkenberg 1931, 88–89, Nos. 110–121; Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, Nos. 1619–1626A.B.; 1632–1636A; 1674–1677; 1696), Aegina (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, Nos. 1651–1656, 1689), Lesbos (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, Nos. 1637–1640), Paros (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, Nos. 1629, 1649–1650), Thassos (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, No.1678) and Samothrace (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978, Nos. 1657).
Samos: (Jantzen 1972, No. 473); Ephesos: (Klebinder-Gauß 2007, 48, No. 108); Troad: (Caner 1983, No.1174); Olympia: (Philipp 1981, No. 1109–1110).
See the one at Delphi, for example: (Perdrizet 1908, 130, Fig. 486).
See the respective catalogue entries in (Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1978).
In TumMM, W, J and most probably in P and S at Gordion: (Young 1981, 101, 196–197; Kohler 1995, 57, 95).
Of Ishtar, Kubaba, and of Kybele: (Simpson 1998, 636–638).
Plut. Caes. 9.3; Hygin. Fab. 191.1; 274.6; Arnob. Adv. Nat. 2.73; Clem Protr. 2.13. 3; Ps.-Hesiod fr. 251 (47) Rzach (Vassileva 1997, 16–18; Vassileva 2005, 82–85).
See (Boehmer 1973, 166; Völling 1998, 251–252; Prayon 2004, 617); on the relation of Midas and the Phrygians with the Greek world: (Muscarella 1989).
At Ephesos (at Panayırdağ and Bülbüldağ: (Naumann 1983, 214–216; Soykal-Alanyalı 2004; Bammer and Muss 2006), at Phocaea (Öyzıgıt and Erdogan 2000, 16–23), on Chios (Rubensohn and Watzinger 1928; Boardman 1959, 195–196).